U.S.-brokered DR Congo–Rwanda peace deal meets harsh reality on the ground

By Emmet Livingstone

Published December 4, 2025 at 3:30 AM CST

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A long-awaited U.S.-brokered peace deal between DR Congo and Rwanda will be signed in Washington on Thursday — but the hardest work may only be beginning, with peace on the ground uncertain.

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Emmet Livingstone